Over 65 and Considering Graduate School

Many adults express the desire to go back to school to begin or finish a bachelors degree or to attend graduate school. Changes in the economy, an increasing lifespan, and evolving attitudes about aging have made so-called nontraditional students very common at some institutions. The definition of a nontraditional student has stretched to include older adults and it is not uncommon for adults to return to college after retirement. It is often said that college is wasted on the young. A lifetime of experience provides a context for learning and interpreting class material. Graduate study is increasingly common among older adults. According to the National Center for Education Statistics, nearly 200,000 students age 50-64 and about 8,200 students age 65 and over were enrolled in graduate study in 2009. That number is increasing every year. At the same time as the undergraduate student population is greying with the increase of nontraditional students, many post-retirement applicants wonder whether they are too old for graduate study. I have addressed this question in the past, with a resounding No, youre never too old for grad school. But do graduate programs see it that way? How do you apply to graduate school, as an older adult? Should you address your age? Below are some basic considerations. Age Discrimination Like employers, graduate programs cannot reject students on the basis of age. That said, there are so many aspects to a graduate application that there is no easy way to determine why an applicant is rejected. Applicant Fit Some fields of graduate study, such as the hard sciences, are very competitive. These graduate programs accept very few students. In considering applications, admissions committees in these programs tend to emphasize applicants post-graduate plans. Competitive graduate programs often seek to mold students into leaders within their fields. Moreover, graduate advisors often seek to duplicate themselves by training students who can follow in their footsteps and continue their work for years to come. Post-retirement, most adult students goals and plans for the future often do not match those of the graduate faculty and admissions committee. Post-retirement adults usually do not plan to enter the workforce and seek graduate education as an ends unto itself. That is not to say that seeking a graduate degree to satisfy a love of learning is not enough to earn a spot in a graduate program. Graduate programs welcome interested, prepared, and motivated students. However, the most competitive programs with a handful of slots may prefer students with long-range career goals that match their profile of the ideal student. So it is a matter of choosing a graduate program that fits your interests and aspirations. This is true of all grad programs. What to Say to Admissions Committees Recently I was contacted by a nontraditional student in his 70s who had finished a bachelors degree and hoped to continue his education through graduate study. Although we have come to a consensus here that one is never too old for graduate education, what do you say to a graduate admissions committee? What do you include in your admissions essay? In most cases, it is not all that different than the typical nontraditional student. Be honest but dont focus on age. Most admissions essays ask applicants to discuss the reasons they seek graduate study as well as how their experiences have prepared them and support their aspirations. Give a clear reason for applying to graduate school. It may include your love of learning and researching or perhaps your desire to share knowledge by writing or helping others. As you discuss relevant experiences you might subtly introduce age into the essay as your relevant experiences may span decades. Remember to only discuss experiences that are directly relevant to your chosen field of study. Graduate programs want applicants who have the capacity and motivation to finish. Speak to your ability to complete the program, your motivation. Provide examples to illustrate your ability to stick the course, whether it is a career spanning decades or the experience of attending and graduating from college after retirement. Remember Your Recommendation Letters Regardless of age, recommendation letters from professors are important components of your graduate school application. Especially as an older student, letters from recent professors can attest to your ability for academics and the value you add in the classroom. Such letters hold weight with admissions committees. If you are returning to school and do not have recent recommendations from professors, consider enrolling in a class or two, part-time and non-matriculated, so that you can forge a relationship with faculty. Ideally, take a graduate class in the program you hope to attend and become known by the faculty and no longer a faceless application. There is no age limit on graduate study.

How Trauma Affects Coping A Brazilian Study Of Twenty...

How Trauma Affects Coping A Brazilian study of thirty-one female Bipolar patients, using the Child Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Ways of Coping Questionnaire, and Brief COPE, investigated the effect trauma had on coping and bipolar disorder. Of the participants, 80% of reported during childhood they had experienced emotional abuse, 68% reported physical abuse, 63% reported physical neglect. Emotional neglect was reported in 43% of individuals, 27% reported sexual abuse. (Daruy-Filho, Brietzke, Kluwe-Schiavon, Fabres, Grassi-Oliveira, 2013) This study found a linear relationship between frequencies of emotional abuse in childhood and decreased use of coping skills. (Daruy-Filho, Brietzke, Kluwe-Schiavon, Fabres, Grassi-Oliveira, 2013) Participants who experienced physical abuse had coping skills that depended on the frequency of abuse. The most significant predictor of infrequent use of coping strategies was emotional neglect during childhood. (Daruy-Filho, Brietzke, Kluwe-Schiavon, Fabres, Grassi-Oliveira, 2013) Often individuals with BD use avoidance as a method of coping which will inevitably worsen symptoms and create more stress and anxiety. Results of this studies unequivocally suggest that trauma during childhood negatively impacts coping mechanisms as an adult. Greater Trauma, Greater BD Symptoms The Australian New Zealand study titled, Childhood Trauma in Bipolar Disorder took place in Newcastle University and Otago University with sixty outpatientsShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagescentury c.e. arrived, and there were several points both before the year 2000 (the collapse of the Soviet Union, the reunification of Germany, the surge of globalization from the mid-1990s) and afterward (9/11, or the global recession of 2008) when one could quite plausibly argue that a new era had begun. A compelling case can be made for viewing the decades of the global scramble for colonies after 1870 as a predictable culmination of the long nineteenth century, which was ushered in by the industrialRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesmymanagementlab is an online assessment and preparation solution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Read MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesValue I. Valuation 229 229 253 279 1. The Value−Based Management Framework: An Overview 2. Why Value Value? 4. The Value Manager Harvard Business Review Finance Articles Eclipse of the Public Corporation 308 308 323 323 330 330 Article How I Learned to Live with Wall Street Article Second Thoughts on Going Public Article Reed−Lajoux †¢ The Art of M A: Merger/Acquisitions/Buyout Guide, Third Edition 10. Postmerger Integration 336 336 Text Hodgetts−Luthans−Doh †¢ International

Consequences Of Imperialism During The 19th Century

Consequences of Imperialism In the late 1800’s and early 19th century, strong countries like Britain, France, and Germany became imperialist powers in the world. Most of these countries were industrialized and hungry to grow their economies and territory so they looked upon weaker and smaller countries with great resources they could take advantage of. Although colonizing these countries was tremendously beneficial to the imperialist powers, there were many consequences to the people of the countries that were colonized during this time period. Powers such as Great Britain, had much affect upon the countries that they colonized such as India and parts of West Africa. Their colonization of these countries changed the world in which these people lived in and affected these colonies negatively, by obstructing culture, opposing ways to live upon people, and creating racial oppression, and exploitation of resources and labor; all for personal gain. It was very common for the culture of a country to be obstruc ted and change to be like the ruling imperialist country, often times creating half breeds of people feeling a lack of identity and purpose. This is a process called westernization. The culture obstruction and westernization was put in motion so that the Imperialist powers could spread ideas about living life the way they deemed correct. Westernization was an idea of culture simply coming from the western European powers that carried no tradition or past existence.Show MoreRelatedCompare and Contrast the Influence and Consequence of European Imperialism on Africa and China During the 19th Century.748 Words   |  3 Pagesinfluence and consequence of European Imperialism on Africa and China during the 19th century. Imperialism is when one country dominates the cultural, economic, and political life of a nation weaker than itself. In the 19th century, Europe was the nation that was dominating both China and Africa. 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Problematic Solutions Essay Example For Students

Problematic Solutions Essay With the New Year approaching great change will undoubtedly accompany the new millennium. Changes in technology and the arts will emerge naturally but as the times change it is our responsibility to ensure that social policies are designed to best benefit society. Drugs, crime, violence, poverty, and illiteracy are all rising at amazing speeds and this indicates a problem in our current social policy. While there are many possible reasons for these problems the corresponding rise in white illegitimacy is the largest factor. Charles Murray identified this problem in an article in the Wall Street Journal. He came up with possible solutions that he felt would cure this societal illness. His suggestions were good but unreasonable. He touches on both societal and governmental reform and although many of his suggestions are valid they would cause more harm then good. His recommendations include ending governmental economic support such as welfare, subsidized housing and food stamps, increasing social stigma, and returning to the ideals held in the mid 20th century. Although these suggestions do contain some validity in theory, I dont believe that implementation would have the desired effect. Murrays opinion is that some women go through with pregnancy because they know the government will support them through the Welfare system. Therefore Murray feels this economic policy should be abolished. To understand his theory you must look at illegitimacy as a circle: It is a fact that women, especially teenage women, are more sexually active today than in the past. One reason for this increase is that they know the government has systems designed to support them if they become pregnant. This serves as a safety net for the women therefore they are more sexually active. Murray feels that by cutting out this policy women wont have that safety net. This will cause them to be less sexually active in turn cutting down the number of illegitimate births. This may work for some women, but Murray doesnt stipulate as to what happens to the women it does not work for. Cutting out the welfare system will leave those who use, rather than abuse, the system out in the cold. It may help decrease the number of illegitimate births but it will also bring great harm to many babies and children. Welfare checks are often used to put clothing on the babys backs and help to support their needs as they grow. Without that money the babys health is put into great jeopardy. Undoubtedly the current welfare system isnt flawless but abolishing it would have much worse effects on children then what is already in place. Instead of using Murrays solution of downright ending welfare simply altering the system could solve many of the problems. Another of Murrays possible solutions for decreasing white illegitimacy is ending the food stamp program. No food stamps means no food, and no food means death for thousands of babies. He makes this suggestion for the same reasons he feels welfare should be done away with. Its a source of governmental aid. He feels that without the aid of the Government women will be less likely to engage in sex. With less sex comes less pregnancy. Although this point may be true it is not valid. The end just doesnt justify the means in this situation. Castration of all men in the world will stop illegitimate pregnancy, but like the elimination of food stamps, that just isnt a possibility. Babies need to eat otherwise they will die. If a woman has a baby that she can not support then that baby will most likely die is someone doesnt intervene. .u937dc2b57eef96882afa2ce2ed062b34 , .u937dc2b57eef96882afa2ce2ed062b34 .postImageUrl , .u937dc2b57eef96882afa2ce2ed062b34 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u937dc2b57eef96882afa2ce2ed062b34 , .u937dc2b57eef96882afa2ce2ed062b34:hover , .u937dc2b57eef96882afa2ce2ed062b34:visited , .u937dc2b57eef96882afa2ce2ed062b34:active { border:0!important; } .u937dc2b57eef96882afa2ce2ed062b34 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u937dc2b57eef96882afa2ce2ed062b34 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u937dc2b57eef96882afa2ce2ed062b34:active , .u937dc2b57eef96882afa2ce2ed062b34:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u937dc2b57eef96882afa2ce2ed062b34 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u937dc2b57eef96882afa2ce2ed062b34 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u937dc2b57eef96882afa2ce2ed062b34 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u937dc2b57eef96882afa2ce2ed062b34 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u937dc2b57eef96882afa2ce2ed062b34:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u937dc2b57eef96882afa2ce2ed062b34 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u937dc2b57eef96882afa2ce2ed062b34 .u937dc2b57eef96882afa2ce2ed062b34-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u937dc2b57eef96882afa2ce2ed062b34:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Gloss The Road Not Taken EssayThe government is the only institution that can be depended on to take care of such a problem. Murrays suggestion would have more credibility if babies could feed themselves but since they can not it is the mothers responsibility. If Murray were a little less extreme then his point would have more validity. One reason food stamps dont always work is because they are sold on the black market for cash instead of being used to buy the baby food and diapers. Fix the solution in order to fix the problem. Lobby for more legislation against the sale of food stamps on the black market. Increase penalties for those caught engaging in those activities and take away the children from the neglectful parents. Another of Murrays ideas to cut down on illegitimate births is to instill on society that people who have illegitimate children should be looked down upon. This Scarlet Letter approach is wrong and has no place in our society today. No one is in the position to judge another human being and this suggestion is absurd. Turning single mothers and their babies into outcasts will produce many of the same effects that are already taking place. If you look down on a single mother then how will her baby be viewed when he ages? I fear a day when our society looks down on people for such reasons because it will be the beginning of a horrible time in history. Lastly is the idea to reinforce the ideals of the mid 20th century. This would include reinstating the values of marriage and family and the morals of the 1950s. Murray want to repaint the picture of the mom and dad with 2. 75 kids and a dog named Lassie. Murray makes this suggestion because the 1950s were a time when a white underclass was unheard of. He figures that by rewinding society through an old Leave it to Beaver episode everything will be back in shape. Well, this view is utterly out of touch. As times change so does society. This is the reason that we dont leave as they did back in the 1950s in the first place. Children of the 90s couldnt be any farther from those in the middle of the century. Children today are forced to grow up much faster then in the past because they are exposed to entirely too much, too soon. Rather then going backwards in history we need to take steps forward. Americas youth must be educated about the problems in society so that they wont relive them as they grow. The key to cutting down on illegitimacy is through the education of youth. Expose teens to the hardships of raising a child so that they think before they act. Get to the core of the problem by reaching young Americans in their prime. The young people of today are the future of tomorrow and they possess the key to all societal change. Reach them when they are young and you will see a dramatic decrease in societies ills. Although Charles Murray correctly diagnosed a great problem in our society his prescription for change was slightly off. He attacks the institutions that are helping many babies make it through to the next day. The focus needs to be less on the mother and more on the baby because, after all, the illegitimate children are the ones driving up the crime rates not their mothers. Granted, the system isnt perfect but what we need is alteration rather then destruction. Attack the children through positive education rather then by asking society to look at them as a lowly being. Educate rather than humiliate and watch that underclass disappear.